Thinking about modules. The structure could be a series of modular tiles - or have a modular system in place for bath-room attachments. This method is more product based and I don't really want to go there as it is less about discovering solutions along the way but moreover applying a formula to solve all design problems. It's not necessarily the best way to design.
It also reminds me of JSPR Studio's Cover Tiles. Image above retrieved from Apartment Therapy.
Cover Tiles are a modular system that makes visible the plumbing behind the bathroom's many different components. They have included taps and even the shower head into the tile design.
I consider this to be a beautiful representation of how the function, or workings of the bathroom, can inform the aesthetic qualities of it.